/** PHP把所有以__（两个下划线）开头的类方法当成魔术方法。所以你定义自己的类方法时，不要以 __为前缀。 * */
// __toString、__set、__get__isset()、__unset()
/*
The __toString method allows a class to decide how it will react when it is converted to a string.
__set() is run when writing data to inaccessible members.
__get() is utilized for reading data from inaccessible members.
__isset() is triggered by calling isset() or empty() on inaccessible members.
__unset() is invoked when unset() is used on inaccessible members.
*/
class TestClass {
private $data = array();
public $foo;
public function __construct($foo) {
$this->foo = $foo;
}
public function __toString() {
return $this->foo;
}
public function __set($name, $value) {
echo "__set, Setting '$name' to '$value'\n";
$this->data[$name] = $value;
}
public function __get($name) {
echo "__get, Getting '$name'\n";
if (array_key_exists($name, $this->data)) {
return $this->data[$name];
}
}
/** As of PHP 5.1.0 */
public function __isset($name) {
echo "__isset, Is '$name' set?\n";
return isset($this->data[$name]);
}
/** As of PHP 5.1.0 */
public function __unset($name) {
echo "__unset, Unsetting '$name'\n";
unset($this->data[$name]);
}
}
$obj = new TestClass('Hello');
echo "__toString, $obj\n";
$obj->a = 1;
echo $obj->a . "\n\n";
var_dump(isset($obj->a));
unset($obj->a);
var_dump(isset($obj->a));
echo "\n\n";
/**
输出结果如下：
__toString, Hello
__set, Setting 'a' to '1'
__get, Getting 'a'
__isset, Is 'a' set?
bool(true)
__unset, Unsetting 'a'
__isset, Is 'a' set?
bool(false)
**/
// __call __callStatic
/*
mixed __call ( string $name , array $arguments )
mixed __callStatic ( string $name , array $arguments )
__call() is triggered when invoking inaccessible methods in an object context.
__callStatic() is triggered when invoking inaccessible methods in a static context.
The $name argument is the name of the method being called.
The $arguments argument is an enumerated array containing the parameters passed to the $name'ed method.
*/
class MethodTest {
public function __call($name, $arguments) {
// Note: value of $name is case sensitive.
echo "__call, Calling object method '$name' " . implode(', ', $arguments) . "\n";
}
/** As of PHP 5.3.0 */
public static function __callStatic($name, $arguments) {
// Note: value of $name is case sensitive.
echo "__callStatic, Calling static method '$name' " . implode(', ', $arguments) . "\n";
}
}
$obj = new MethodTest;
$obj->runTest('in object context', 'param2', 'param3');
//MethodTest::runTest('in static context'); // As of PHP 5.3.0
echo "\n\n";
/**
输出结果如下：
__call, Calling object method 'runTest' in object context, param2, param3
string(10) "__invoke: "
*/
// __invoke
/*
The __invoke method is called when a script tries to call an object as a function.
Note: This feature is available since PHP 5.3.0.
*/
class CallableClass {
function __invoke($x) {
var_dump($x);
}
}
$obj = new CallableClass;
//$obj(5);
var_dump('__invoke: ' . is_callable($obj));
echo "\n\n";
// __sleep __wakeup
/*
串行化serialize可以把变量包括对象,转化成连续bytes数据. 你可以将串行化后的变量存在一个文件里或在网络上传输.
然后再反串行化还原为原来的数据. 你在反串行化类的对象之前定义的类,PHP可以成功地存储其对象的属性和方法.
有时你可能需要一个对象在反串行化后立即执行. 为了这样的目的,PHP会自动寻找__sleep和__wakeup方法.
当一个对象被串行化,PHP会调用__sleep方法(如果存在的话). 在反串行化一个对象后,PHP 会调用__wakeup方法.
这两个方法都不接受参数. __sleep方法必须返回一个数组,包含需要串行化的属性. PHP会抛弃其它属性的值.
如果没有__sleep方法,PHP将保存所有属性.下面的例子显示了如何用__sleep和__wakeup方法来串行化一个对象.
Id属性是一个不打算保留在对象中的临时属性. __sleep方法保证在串行化的对象中不包含id属性.
当反串行化一个User对象,__wakeup方法建立id属性的新值. 这个例子被设计成自我保持.
在实际开发中,你可能发现包含资源(如图像或数据流)的对象需要这些方法
*/
class User {
public $name;
public $id;