U盘安装Debian 7.0 Wheezy

本安装的试验机器型号：笔记本acer ASPIRE 4730ZG (有点老), Intel Pentium dual-core T4200; display: ATI Mobility Radeon HD 3470。其他机器上的安装大同小异，因为debian7.0对机器型号有非常广泛的兼容性。且安装时并不需要对机器有太多的了解。一个比较重要的问题是显卡驱动，debian7.0下有两种选择：厂商闭源驱动（需手动下载安装）或者debian提供的开源驱动（不需额外安装）。一般来说，具体的选择要看显卡品牌，我的显卡是AMD的，故安装厂商的驱动。最后说一句，不要幻想第一次安装就得到一个令你满意的linux系统。成功的第一次安装linux只是一个起点。

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Debian 7.0 Wheezy 测试体验

Debian 7.0 Wheezy 发布!

1.在debian主页下载Wheezy netinst

2.下载boot.img.gz文件，地址点击此处查看。

3.准备安装U盘，按照中的4.3.2节在linux环境下完成制作。这一步将制作得到一个可以启动的用于安装系统的U盘操作系统。制作好U盘后，重启机器，让机器从U盘启动。进入安装界面。可以选图形，也可以选文本，个人觉得文本稍快些。

4.安装

1)Go to Advanced options -> Expert install -> Execute a shell, run：

# nano /bin/check-missing-firmware Add "exit 0" below the line "#!/bin/sh". This is to prevent the hanging-on by error "Detecting the network hardware". 这一步原本是用于测试版的安装，现在wheezy已经发布，故不再需要，直接进入第二步。

2)分区：

/boot 100M / 25G (个人觉得25G绝对够了) /var 4G swap 2G /home 剩余空间

分区完成后仅仅安装system-base，不要安装任何其他的软件，至于桌面环境接下来再安装。请安装 non-free sources。

3)After the basic installation, before finish the installation, execute a shell, run：

# mount -t ext4 /dev/sda2 /mnt //Note: sda2 is the partition of the /. # cd /mnt/etc/modprobe.d/ && nano ./radeon-kms.conf Type the following line into the file: options radeon modeset=0 （##This must not be changed if the machine uses AMD display card. Refer to ）

保存。完成安装，拔去U盘，重启。到此，一个基本系统即安装完成。

4) 登录，在命令行下运行：

$ sudo aptitude install lxde firmware-realtek ///Note: Install the desktop environment LXDE.LXDE和xfce4都是老机器的选择。华丽的可选gnome3和KDE。 $ sudo groupadd -f powerdev $ sudo adduser USERNAME powerdev Reboot and log into the LXDE environment.

5.Locales

$sudo dpkg-reconfigure locales //Note: command for check: locale -a Select: en_US.UTF-8 //Note: used as default en_US.iso88591 zh_CN.gb2312 zh_CN.gbk zh_CN.utf8 zh_TW.big5 zh_TW.utf8

6.Install softwares.

Downloaded Bleachbit and Libreoffice from webs and install them. $ sudo apt-get install inkscape gnome-screenshot fcitx fcitx-pinyin vlc

7.Install xfce4-power-manager to control AC/batery

$ sudo apt-get -y purge xscreensaver xscreensaver-data $ sudo apt-get install xfce4-power-manager

8.Install AMD driver（厂商闭源驱动）.

Prepare for installation environment: $ sudo apt-get install module-assistant build-essential $ sudo apt-get install fakeroot dh-make debconf libstdc++5 linux-headers-$(uname -r) firmware-realtek Download the AMD driver () and run: $ sudo sh ./amd-driver-installer-*.run --install //Note: use option --help can check other commands.

9.su

$ sudo su //Note: once logged in, run: # passwd //Note: enter a new root password and from there on out you can log in via su.

10.Sound

$ sudo apt-get install alsa-utils Use command "$ lspci -v" to check whether a proper driver for sound card is working. If so, run: ＃alsactl ＃alsactl init

11.Internet

$ sudo apt-get install wicd wicd-gtk //小巧强大的网络管理。 $ sudo apt-get install firmware-ralink //Note: non-free firmware of the wireless net driver rt2800pci, can be ckecked by command: $ lspci -v For successfully installing the non-free firmware, it should be sure that "non-free" in the /etc/apt/sources.list is uncommented (without # sign).

12.Set fcitx

$ cp /usr/share/applications/fcitx.desktop ~/.config/autostart/fcitx.desktop //Note: Set fcitx autostarted as login. $ nano ~/.xprofile Then add three lines to set the environment variables: export GTK_IM_MODULE=fcitx export QT_IM_MODULE=fcitx export XMODIFIERS=@im=fcitx $ sudo apt-get remove fcitx-config-common //Note: To remove the gtk configure packages. The word configure files are stored in ~/.config/fcitx.