Oracle启动时提示ORA

Oracle数据库启动的时候遇到坏块,特别是SYSTEM表空间中的一些底层表,如UNDO$,OBJ$等一些表,会导致数据库不能正常open,当然我们可以通过增加一些隐藏参数来达到跳过坏块来启动数据库,也可以通过bbed工具来手动修复块来。下面是自己的一个测试环境遇到这样的错误,通过bbed工具来修复

1,数据库版本

SQL> select * from v$version;

BANNER

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production

CORE    11.2.0.3.0      Production

TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production

NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production

[oracle@ ~]$sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Sun May 25 04:36:03 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  237998080 bytes

Fixed Size                  2227216 bytes

Variable Size            146801648 bytes

Database Buffers          83886080 bytes

Redo Buffers                5083136 bytes

Database mounted.

ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced

ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1

ORA-00607: Internal error occurred while making a change to a data block

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [kdBlkCheckError], [1], [225],

[6108], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []

Process ID: 12178

Session ID: 1 Serial number: 5
 

2,启动报错

[oracle@ ~]$sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Sun May 25 04:20:44 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  237998080 bytes

Fixed Size                  2227216 bytes

Variable Size            146801648 bytes

Database Buffers          83886080 bytes

Redo Buffers                5083136 bytes

Database mounted.

ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced

ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1

ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 1, block # 225)

ORA-01110: data file 1: '/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/system01.dbf'

Process ID: 1617

Session ID: 1 Serial number: 5

此块就是存储undo$基表的块,在数据库启动的时候,做恢复的时候,是需要去读undo块的,所以导致报错

3,bbed修复坏块

BBED> verify

DBVERIFY - Verification starting

FILE = /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/system01.dbf

BLOCK = 225

Block Checking: DBA = 4194529, Block Type = KTB-managed data block

Found block already marked corrupted

DBVERIFY - Verification complete

Total Blocks Examined        : 1

Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 1

Total Blocks Failing  (Data) : 0

Total Blocks Processed (Index): 0

Total Blocks Failing  (Index): 0

Total Blocks Empty            : 0

Total Blocks Marked Corrupt  : 0

Total Blocks Influx          : 0

Message 531 not found;  product=RDBMS; facility=BBED

这里发现块被标记为坏块,其实这里知道就是把seq更改为FF了,下面我们修改回来就可以了

BBED> p kcbh

struct kcbh, 20 bytes                      @0     

ub1 type_kcbh                            @0        0x06

ub1 frmt_kcbh                            @1        0xa2

ub1 spare1_kcbh                          @2        0x00

ub1 spare2_kcbh                          @3        0x00

ub4 rdba_kcbh                            @4        0x004000e1

ub4 bas_kcbh                            @8        0x0021beaa

ub2 wrp_kcbh                            @12      0x0000

ub1 seq_kcbh                            @14      0xff

ub1 flg_kcbh                            @15      0x04 (KCBHFCKV)

ub2 chkval_kcbh                          @16      0x4cba

ub2 spare3_kcbh                          @18      0x0000

BBED> set mode edit

MODE            Edit

BBED> set count 16

COUNT          16

BBED> modify /x 00 offset 14

Warning: contents of previous BIFILE will be lost. Proceed? (Y/N) y

File: /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/system01.dbf (0)

Block: 225              Offsets:  14 to  29          Dba:0x00000000

------------------------------------------------------------------------

0004ba4c 00000100 00000f00 0000aabe

<32 bytes per line>

BBED> set offset 8188

OFFSET          8188

BBED> dump

File: /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/system01.dbf (0)

Block: 225              Offsets: 8188 to 8191          Dba:0x00000000

------------------------------------------------------------------------

ff06aabe

<32 bytes per line>

BBED> modify /x 00 offset 8188

File: /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/system01.dbf (0)

Block: 225              Offsets: 8188 to 8191          Dba:0x00000000

------------------------------------------------------------------------

0006aabe

<32 bytes per line>

BBED> p tailchk

ub4 tailchk                                @8188    0xbeaa0600

BBED> sum apply

Check value for File 0, Block 225:

current = 0x4cba, required = 0x4cba

BBED> verify

DBVERIFY - Verification starting

FILE = /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/system01.dbf

BLOCK = 225

Block Checking: DBA = 4194529, Block Type = KTB-managed data block

data header at 0x2a98b8725c

kdbchk: row locked by non-existent transaction

table=0  slot=20

lockid=1  ktbbhitc=2

Block 225 failed with check code 6101

DBVERIFY - Verification complete

Total Blocks Examined        : 1

Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 1

Total Blocks Failing  (Data) : 1

Total Blocks Processed (Index): 0

Total Blocks Failing  (Index): 0

Total Blocks Empty            : 0

Total Blocks Marked Corrupt  : 0

Total Blocks Influx          : 0

Message 531 not found;  product=RDBMS; facility=BBED

这里看到报了ITL相当的一些东西,原因是由于原来做实验的时候,手动提交了数据。

报错代码的意思是,slot=20的行被锁住,占用了itl2.

下面是dump数据库看一下第21号的lb标记符

tl: 58 fb: --H-FL-- lb: 0x1  cc: 17

col  0: [ 2]  c1 15

col  1: [10]  5f 53 59 53 53 4d 55 32 30 24

col  2: [ 2]  c1 02

col  3: [ 2]  c1 06

col  4: [ 3]  c2 03 49

col  5: [ 5]  c4 02 62 0a 09

col  6: [ 1]  80

col  7: [ 3]  c2 03 2a

col  8: [ 3]  c2 02 3e

col  9: [ 1]  80

col 10: [ 2]  c1 04

col 11: [ 2]  c1 06

col 12: *NULL*

col 13: *NULL*

col 14: *NULL*

col 15: *NULL*

col 16: [ 2]  c1 0

BBED> p *kdbr[20]

rowdata[634]

------------

ub1 rowdata[634]                            @1823    0x2c

BBED> set offset 1823

OFFSET          1823

BBED> dump

File: /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/system01.dbf (0)

Block: 225              Offsets: 1823 to 1838          Dba:0x00000000

------------------------------------------------------------------------

2c011102 c1150a5f 53595353 4d553230

BBED> modify /x 2c00

File: /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/system01.dbf (0)

Block: 225              Offsets: 1823 to 1838          Dba:0x00000000

------------------------------------------------------------------------

2c001102 c1150a5f 53595353 4d553230

<32 bytes per line>

BBED> sum apply

Check value for File 0, Block 225:

current = 0x6ec1, required = 0x6ec1

BBED> verify

DBVERIFY - Verification starting

FILE = /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/system01.dbf

BLOCK = 225

DBVERIFY - Verification complete

Total Blocks Examined        : 1

Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 1

Total Blocks Failing  (Data) : 0

Total Blocks Processed (Index): 0

Total Blocks Failing  (Index): 0

Total Blocks Empty            : 0

Total Blocks Marked Corrupt  : 0

Total Blocks Influx          : 0

Message 531 not found;  product=RDBMS; facility=BBED

块不在报错。验证通过
 

4,数据库正常打开

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

undo块能正常访问

SQL> select name from undo$;

NAME

------------------------------

SYSTEM

_SYSSMU1$

_SYSSMU10$

_SYSSMU11$

_SYSSMU12$

_SYSSMU13$

_SYSSMU14$

_SYSSMU15$

_SYSSMU16$

_SYSSMU17$

_SYSSMU18$

NAME

------------------------------

_SYSSMU19$

_SYSSMU2$

_SYSSMU20$

_SYSSMU3$

_SYSSMU4$

_SYSSMU5$

_SYSSMU6$

_SYSSMU7$

_SYSSMU8$

_SYSSMU9$

21 rows selected.

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