最近在学Oracle体系结构等理论知识，在这里总结RHEL6.5下安装 Oracle 11g + udev + ASM安装部署流程。
实验环境
RedHat Enterprise Linux 6.5 x86_64 IP地址：192.168.60.100
Oracle 11g release 11.2.0.4
系统安装在此略过，IP地址已经更改完成，首先通过ssh协议登陆到RHEL系统，配置YUM本地源环境，安装Oracle所必须的软件依赖包；
[c:\~]$ ssh root@192.168.60.100
[root@rhel6 ~]# vi /etc/yum.conf
[local] //修改本地YUM源环境;
name=local
baseurl=file:///mnt
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
[root@rhel6 ~]# mount /dev/sr0 /mnt/ //挂载本地光盘作为YUM源;
mount: block device /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@rhel6 ~]# yum repolist //检测本地YUM源配置是否正确;
Loaded plugins: product-id, refresh-packagekit, security,
: subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
local | 3.9 kB 00:00 ...
local/primary_db | 3.1 MB 00:00 ...
repo id repo name status
local local 3,690
repolist: 3,690
[root@rhel6 ~]#yum install binutils -y //通过YUM安装Oracle所必须的软件包;
[root@rhel6 ~]#yum install compat-libcap1 -y
[root@rhel6 ~]#yum install compat-libstdc++-33 -y
[root@rhel6 ~]#yum install gcc -y
[root@rhel6 ~]#yum install gcc-c++ -y
[root@rhel6 ~]#yum install glibc -y
[root@rhel6 ~]#yum install glibc-devel -y
[root@rhel6 ~]#yum install ksh -y
[root@rhel6 ~]#yum install libgcc -y
[root@rhel6 ~]#yum install libstdc++ -y
[root@rhel6 ~]#yum install libstdc++-devel -y
[root@rhel6 ~]#yum install libaio -y
[root@rhel6 ~]#yum install libaio-devel -y
[root@rhel6 ~]#yum install libXext -y
[root@rhel6 ~]#yum install libXtst -y
[root@rhel6 ~]#yum install libX11 -y
[root@rhel6 ~]#yum install libXau -y
[root@rhel6 ~]#yum install libxcb -y
[root@rhel6 ~]#yum install libXi -y
[root@rhel6 ~]#yum install make -y
[root@rhel6 ~]#yum install sysstat -y
[root@rhel6 ~]#yum install unixODBC -y
[root@rhel6 ~]#yum install unixODBC-devel -y
修改相应的系统主机名以及IP地址
[root@rhel6 ~]# vi /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
192.168.60.100 rhel6
添加相应的grid用户及用户组
[root@rhel6 ~]# groupadd -g 501 oinstall
[root@rhel6 ~]# groupadd -g 502 dba
[root@rhel6 ~]# groupadd -g 503 oper
[root@rhel6 ~]# groupadd -g 504 asmadmin
[root@rhel6 ~]# groupadd -g 505 asmoper
[root@rhel6 ~]# groupadd -g 506 asmdba
[root@rhel6 ~]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,oper oracle
[root@rhel6 ~]# useradd -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper,oper,dba grid
[root@rhel6 ~]# passwd oracle
[root@rhel6 ~]# passwd grid
创建Grid Infrastructure组件安装目录
[root@rhel6 ~]# mkdir -p /u01/app/grid
[root@rhel6 ~]# mkdir -p /u01/app/11.2.0/grid
[root@rhel6 ~]# chown -R grid:oinstall /u01
[root@rhel6 ~]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory
[root@rhel6 ~]# chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/oraInventory
[root@rhel6 ~]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
[root@rhel6 ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle
[root@rhel6 ~]# chmod -R 775 /u01
修改操作系统参数
[root@rhel6 ~]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf
grid soft nproc 2047
grid hard nproc 16384
grid soft nofile 1024
grid hard nofile 65536
grid soft stack 10240
grid hard stack 32768
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
oracle hard stack 32768
修改Linux服务器ulmits限制
[root@rhel6 ~]# vi /etc/security/limits.d/90-nproc.conf
#* soft nproc 1024
* - nproc 16384
禁用SELINUX安全限制
[root@rhel6 ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled //修改配置文件永久关闭selinux;
[root@rhel6 ~]# setenforce 0
关闭IPTABLES防火墙
[root@rhel6 ~]# service iptables stop
iptables: Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter [ OK ]
iptables: Flushing firewall rules: [ OK ]
iptables: Unloading modules: [ OK ]
[root@rhel6 ~]# chkconfig --level 35 iptables off //3、5级别永久关闭iptables;
修改Linux操作系统的登陆配置文件
[root@rhel6 ~]# vi /etc/pam.d/login
session required pam_limits.so
修改Linux系统内核Kernel配置
[root@rhel6 ~]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
#kernel.shmmax = 68719476736 //注释掉原先的系统的配置;
#kernel.shmall = 4294967296
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmmax = 858993459 //大于SGA,小于物理内存;
kernel.shmall = 1048576 //物理内存%4K;
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
[root@rhel6 ~]# sysctl -p
配置grid和oracle用户的环境变量
[root@rhel6 ~]# su - grid //grid用户环境变量配置;
[grid@rhel6 ~]$ vi .bash_profile
PS1="[`whoami`@`hostname`:"'$PWD]$'
export PS1
umask 022
export TMP=/tmp
export LANG=en_US
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=rhel6
ORACLE_SID=+ASM; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid; export ORACLE_HOME
NLS_DATE_FORMAT="yyyy-mm-dd HH24:MI:SS"; export NLS_DATE_FORMAT
PATH=.:$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin; export PATH
THREADS_FLAG=native; export THREADS_FLAG
if [ $USER = "oracle" ] || [ $USER = "grid" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
umask 022
fi
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[root@rhel6 ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@rhel6 ~]$ vi .bash_profile
TMP=/tmp; export TMP
TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR
export LANG=en_US
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=itpuxdb; export ORACLE_SID
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=orcl
ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM
PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH
NLS_DATE_FORMAT="yyyy-mm-dd HH24:MI:SS"; export NLS_DATE_FORMAT
NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK;export NLS_LANG
if [ $USER = "oracle" ] || [ $USER = "grid" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
umask 022
fi
配置udev配置ASM（在此系统所用磁盘为/dev/sda），
[root@rhel6 ~]# fdisk /dev/(sdb\sdc\sdd\sde\sdf) //对磁盘进行分区;
[root@rhel6 ~]# vi /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rules
KERNEL=="sdb1", NAME="asm_grid1", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
KERNEL=="sdc1", NAME="asm_system", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
KERNEL=="sdd1", NAME="asm_recovery", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
KERNEL=="sde1", NAME="asm_data01", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
KERNEL=="sdf1", NAME="asm_data02", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
[root@rhel6 ~]# partprobe /dev/sdb1
[root@rhel6 ~]# partprobe /dev/sdc1
[root@rhel6 ~]# partprobe /dev/sdd1
[root@rhel6 ~]# partprobe /dev/sde1
[root@rhel6 ~]# partprobe /dev/sdf1
[root@rhel6 ~]# udevadm control --reload-rules
[root@rhel6 ~]# start_udev
Starting udev: [ OK ]
[root@rhel6 ~]# ls -lsa /dev/asm*
0 brw-rw----. 1 grid asmadmin 8, 65 May 24 05:48 /dev/asm_data01
0 brw-rw----. 1 grid asmadmin 8, 81 May 24 05:48 /dev/asm_data02
0 brw-rw----. 1 grid asmadmin 8, 17 May 24 05:48 /dev/asm_grid1
0 brw-rw----. 1 grid asmadmin 8, 49 May 24 05:48 /dev/asm_recovery
0 brw-rw----. 1 grid asmadmin 8, 33 May 24 05:48 /dev/asm_system
上传Oracle安装包到服务器
[root@rhel6 ~]#yum -y install lrzsz //安装xshell所用的FTP软件;
[root@rhel6 ~]#unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_3of7.zip
[root@rhel6 ~]# chown -R grid:oinstall /opt/grid/
配置VNC远程桌面
[root@rhel6 ~]# yum -y install vnc-server
[root@rhel6 opt]# su - grid
[grid@rhel6:/home/grid]$vncserver
You will require a password to access your desktops.
Password:
Verify:
xauth: creating new authority file /home/grid/.Xauthority
New 'rhel6:1 (grid)' desktop is rhel6:1
Creating default startup script /home/grid/.vnc/xstartup
Starting applications specified in /home/grid/.vnc/xstartup
Log file is /home/grid/.vnc/rhel6:1.log
VNC远程桌面连接配置安装Grid Infrastructure组件
[grid@rhel6 ~]$ cd /opt/grid/
[grid@rhel6 grid]$ ./runInstaller
选择单节点安装配置Grid Infrastructure
选择语言环境
扫描ASM磁盘
