删除库test，然后通过备份文件执行恢复，如下：
脚本内容：
[root@db xtrabak]# more xtra_prepare.sh
xtrabackup --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --prepare --target-dir=/data/xtrabak/bak_`date +%F`/
cp -r /data/xtrabak/bak_`date +%F`/test/ /var/lib/MySQL/
rm /var/lib/mysql/ib*
cp /data/xtrabak/bak_`date +%F`/ib* /var/lib/mysql/
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql
service mysql restart
说明：脚本中步骤依次为：
实施对备份文件进行恢复前的准备；
从备份文件拷贝数据表结构到默认的数据目录；
删除默认数据目录中对应的数据文件并复制备份的数据文件到默认数据目录；
修改默认数据目录权限并重启MySQL服务
执行恢复脚本：
[root@db xtrabak]# sh xtra_prepare.sh
xtrabackup version 2.0.5 for Percona Server 5.1.59 unknown-linux-gnu (x86_64) (revision id: 499)
xtrabackup: cd to /data/xtrabak/bak_2014-04-29/
xtrabackup: This target seems to be not prepared yet.
xtrabackup: xtrabackup_logfile detected: size=2097152, start_lsn=(1830807)
xtrabackup: Temporary instance for recovery is set as followings.
xtrabackup: innodb_data_home_dir = ./
xtrabackup: innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
xtrabackup: innodb_log_group_home_dir = ./
xtrabackup: innodb_log_files_in_group = 1
xtrabackup: innodb_log_file_size = 2097152
xtrabackup: Temporary instance for recovery is set as followings.
xtrabackup: innodb_data_home_dir = ./
xtrabackup: innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
xtrabackup: innodb_log_group_home_dir = ./
xtrabackup: innodb_log_files_in_group = 1
xtrabackup: innodb_log_file_size = 2097152
xtrabackup: Starting InnoDB instance for recovery.
xtrabackup: Using 104857600 bytes for buffer pool (set by --use-memory parameter)
InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
140429 15:28:34 InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 100.0M
140429 15:28:34 InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
140429 15:28:34 InnoDB: highest supported file format is Barracuda.
InnoDB: The log sequence number in ibdata files does not match
InnoDB: the log sequence number in the ib_logfiles!
140429 15:28:34 InnoDB: Database was not shut down normally!
InnoDB: Starting crash recovery.
InnoDB: Reading tablespace information from the .ibd files...
InnoDB: Last MySQL binlog file position 0 85912, file name ./mysql-bin.000026
140429 15:28:34 Percona XtraDB () 1.0.17-12.5 started; log sequence number 1830807
[notice (again)]
If you use binary log and don't use any hack of group commit,
the binary log position seems to be:
InnoDB: Last MySQL binlog file position 0 85912, file name ./mysql-bin.000026
xtrabackup: starting shutdown with innodb_fast_shutdown = 1
140429 15:28:34 InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
140429 15:28:34 InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1832037
Shutting down MySQL.... [ OK ]
Starting MySQL. [ OK ]
执行完成后，检查发现test库已成功恢复。
用XtraBackup实现MySQL的主从复制快速部署【主不锁表】
安装和使用 Percona 推出的 Xtrabackup 备份 MySQL
示例2：增量备份与恢复
增量备份是以完全备份或上一次增量备份为基础的备份，适合数据库很大的情况，支持在线热备，备份期间不锁定表，不影响用户使用，备份恢复效率都比较高。
下面我们来模拟一次增量备份：
（1） 完全备份
现在test库有三张表，执行一次完全备份
－－脚本内容：
[root@db xtrabak]# more xtra_full_bak.sh
# 2014-04-29
mkdir -p /data/xtrabak/full_bak_`date +%F`/
xtrabackup --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --backup --target-dir=/data/xtrabak/full_bak_`date +%F`/
cp -r /var/lib/mysql/test/ /data/xtrabak/full_bak_`date +%F`/
－－执行脚本
[root@db xtrabak]# sh xtra_full_bak.sh
xtrabackup version 2.0.5 for Percona Server 5.1.59 unknown-linux-gnu (x86_64) (revision id: 499)
xtrabackup: uses posix_fadvise().
xtrabackup: cd to /var/lib/mysql
xtrabackup: Target instance is assumed as followings.
xtrabackup: innodb_data_home_dir = /var/lib/mysql
xtrabackup: innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
xtrabackup: innodb_log_group_home_dir = /var/lib/mysql
xtrabackup: innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
xtrabackup: innodb_log_file_size = 67108864
>> log scanned up to (1653514)
[01] Copying /var/lib/mysql/ibdata1 to /data/xtrabak/full_bak_2014-04-29/ibdata1
[01] ...done
xtrabackup: The latest check point (for incremental): '1653514'
xtrabackup: Stopping log copying thread.
.>> log scanned up to (1653514)
xtrabackup: Transaction log of lsn (1653514) to (1653514) was copied.
执行完成后，查看备份文件
[root@db xtrabak]# cd full_bak_2014-04-29/
[root@db full_bak_2014-04-29]# ls
ibdata1 test xtrabackup_checkpoints xtrabackup_logfile
（2） 增量备份
向test库中添加一张新表，然后执行增量备份
－－脚本内容：
[root@db xtrabak]# more xtra_delta_bak.sh
# 2014-04-29
mkdir -p /data/xtrabak/delta_bak_`date +%F`/
xtrabackup --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --backup --target-dir=/data/xtrabak/delta_bak_`date +%F`/ --incremental-basedir=/data/xtrabak/full_bak_`date +%F`/
cp -r /var/lib/mysql/test/ /data/xtrabak/full_bak_`date +%F`/
说明：这里需要再次拷贝test库的表结构文件，因为期间可能会增加或删除表
－－执行脚本
[root@db xtrabak]# sh xtra_delta_bak.sh
xtrabackup version 2.0.5 for Percona Server 5.1.59 unknown-linux-gnu (x86_64) (revision id: 499)
incremental backup from 1653514 is enabled.
xtrabackup: uses posix_fadvise().
xtrabackup: cd to /var/lib/mysql
xtrabackup: Target instance is assumed as followings.
xtrabackup: innodb_data_home_dir = /var/lib/mysql
xtrabackup: innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
xtrabackup: innodb_log_group_home_dir = /var/lib/mysql
xtrabackup: innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
xtrabackup: innodb_log_file_size = 67108864
>> log scanned up to (1660436)
[01] Copying /var/lib/mysql/ibdata1 to /data/xtrabak/delta_bak_2014-04-29/ibdata1.delta
[01] ...done
xtrabackup: The latest check point (for incremental): '1660436'
xtrabackup: Stopping log copying thread.
.>> log scanned up to (1660436)
xtrabackup: Transaction log of lsn (1660436) to (1660436) was copied.
执行完成后，查看备份文件
[root@db xtrabak]# cd delta_bak_2014-04-29/
[root@db delta_bak_2014-04-29]# ls
ibdata1.delta ibdata1.meta xtrabackup_checkpoints xtrabackup_logfile
注意：在增量备份目录下，数据文件是以.delta结尾的，增量备份只备份上一次完全备份后被修改过的page；当然，若再次执行增量备份，可以上一次完全备份为基础，也可以第一次增量备份为基础，每次增量备份的目录都是需要修改的。