项目用了Postgresql 数据库，项目组要出表结构的文档，手写太麻烦，想用slq脚本导出一份。查了一番资料，似乎没有多好的方法。dump方式导出的脚本太乱，没法直接写在word文档里。只能自己写sql查询出表结构，然后利用pgadmin的导出查询结果的功能，能最快的获取一份整个数据库的表结构信息。虽然不能实现全自动的导出文档，但是对整理文档来说，还是节省了不少时间。
--查询所有的表字段信息(带表名)
select
(select relname||'--'||(select description from pg_description where objoid=oid and objsubid=0) as comment from pg_class where oid=a.attrelid) as table_name,
a.attname as column_name,
format_type(a.atttypid,a.atttypmod) as data_type,
(case when atttypmod-4>0 then atttypmod-4 else 0 end)data_length,
(case when (select count(*) from pg_constraint where conrelid = a.attrelid and conkey[1]=attnum and contype='p')>0 then 'Y' else 'N' end) as 主键约束,
(case when (select count(*) from pg_constraint where conrelid = a.attrelid and conkey[1]=attnum and contype='u')>0 then 'Y' else 'N' end) as 唯一约束,
(case when (select count(*) from pg_constraint where conrelid = a.attrelid and conkey[1]=attnum and contype='f')>0 then 'Y' else 'N' end) as 外键约束,
(case when a.attnotnull=true then 'Y' else 'N' end) as nullable,
col_description(a.attrelid,a.attnum) as comment
from pg_attribute a
where attstattarget=-1 and attrelid in (select oid from pg_class where relname in(select relname from pg_class where relkind ='r' and relname like 'exg_%'))
order by table_name,a.attnum;
执行sql语句，然后将查询结果导出
使用英文逗号做分隔符，导出csv文件，可以直接在excle中编辑
使用本地字符集可以防止乱码
用excle打开导出的csv文件，因为导出的是所有的表结构信息，所以要先分表，拷贝第一行表头信息，分别插入到每张表的前面（插入行的快捷键自己网上找吧）。
做完上面的步骤，就可以把表结构信息粘帖到word文档里了；
在粘贴完毕后，要选择使用目标格式
表格出来了
这个时候所有的表结构是一张大表格，可以用Ctrl+shift+enter把表格分开
附：其它sql脚本
--查询表名和描述
select relname as table_name,(select description from pg_description where objoid=oid and objsubid=0) as comment from pg_class where relkind ='r' and relname like 'exg_%' order by table_name;
--查询表字段信息
select
a.attname as column_name,
format_type(a.atttypid,a.atttypmod) as data_type,
(case when atttypmod-4>0 then atttypmod-4 else 0 end)data_length,
(case when (select count(*) from pg_constraint where conrelid = a.attrelid and conkey[1]=attnum and contype='p')>0 then 'Y' else 'N' end) as 主键约束,
(case when (select count(*) from pg_constraint where conrelid = a.attrelid and conkey[1]=attnum and contype='u')>0 then 'Y' else 'N' end) as 唯一约束,
(case when (select count(*) from pg_constraint where conrelid = a.attrelid and conkey[1]=attnum and contype='f')>0 then 'Y' else 'N' end) as 外键约束,
(case when a.attnotnull=true then 'Y' else 'N' end) as nullable,
col_description(a.attrelid,a.attnum) as comment
from pg_attribute a
where attstattarget=-1 and attrelid = (select oid from pg_class where relname ='exg_ms_alarm');--表名
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