浅析JavaScript动画模拟拖拽原理

模拟拖拽的原理:

浅析JavaScript动画模拟拖拽原理

x1等于div.offsetLeft

y1等于div.offsetTop

x2等于ev.clientX(ev表示event事件)

y2等于ev.clientY

当我们在方块上按下鼠标的时候,x2-x1即可确定。移动鼠标之后,我们用鼠标当前的位置即x4、y4减去x2-x1、y2-y1就可以得到方块现在的位置。

代码:

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Document</title> <style> #box{ width: 100px; height: 100px; background: red; position: absolute; } </style> </head> <body> <div></div> <script type="text/javascript"> var oBox = document.getElementById('box'); oBox.onmousedown = function(ev){ // 鼠标按下 var ev = ev || event; // 获取鼠标离div得距离 var mouseBoxleft = ev.clientX - this.offsetLeft; var mouseBoxTop = ev.clientY - this.offsetTop; oBox.onmousemove = function(ev){ // 鼠标按下左键并移动 var ev = ev || event; // 设置div移动时,它的位置 oBox.style.left = ev.clientX - mouseBoxleft + 'px'; oBox.style.top = ev.clientY - mouseBoxleft + 'px'; } oBox.onmouseup = function(){ // 鼠标左键抬起 oBox.onmousemove = oBox.onmouseup = null; } } </script> </body> </html>

优化代码:

【1】鼠标移动快的时候,鼠标会移出方块,这时方块就不会再跟随鼠标动了。

解决办法:就是将onmousemove和onmouseup加到document对象上

代码:

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Document</title> <style> #box{ width: 100px; height: 100px; background: red; position: absolute; } </style> </head> <body> <div></div> <script> var oBox = document.getElementById('box'); oBox.onmousedown = function(ev){ // 鼠标按下 var ev = ev || event; // 获取鼠标离div得距离 var mouseBoxleft = ev.clientX - this.offsetLeft; var mouseBoxTop = ev.clientY - this.offsetTop; document.onmousemove = function(ev){ // 鼠标按下左键并移动 var ev = ev || event; // 设置div移动时,它的位置 oBox.style.left = ev.clientX - mouseBoxleft + 'px'; oBox.style.top = ev.clientY - mouseBoxleft + 'px'; } document.onmouseup = function(){ // 鼠标左键抬起 document.onmousemove = document.onmouseup = null; } } </script> </body> </html>

【2】当要拖动的方块中有文字时会触发浏览器的默认行为

 解决办法:1、使用return false添加到onmousedown事件中阻止浏览器的默认行为(IE除外)

       2、使用全局捕获(IE)

1、使用return false添加到onmousedown事件中阻止浏览器的默认行为(IE除外)

代码:

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Document</title> <style> #box{ width: 100px; height: 100px; background: red; position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; } </style> </head> <body> <div>模拟拖拽</div> <script> var oBox = document.getElementById('box'); oBox.onmousedown = function(ev){ // 鼠标按下 var ev = ev || event; // 获取鼠标离div得距离 var mouseBoxleft = ev.clientX - this.offsetLeft; var mouseBoxTop = ev.clientY - this.offsetTop; document.onmousemove = function(ev){ // 鼠标按下左键并移动 var ev = ev || event; // 设置div移动时,它的位置 oBox.style.left = ev.clientX - mouseBoxleft + 'px'; oBox.style.top = ev.clientY - mouseBoxleft + 'px'; } document.onmouseup = function(){ // 鼠标左键抬起 document.onmousemove = document.onmouseup = null; } // 阻止默认行为 return false; } </script> </body> </html>

2、使用全局捕获(IE)

 全局捕获:当我们给一个元素这只全局捕获后,改元素会监听后续发生的所有事件,当有事件发生的时候就会触发改元素的事件

代码:

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Document</title> </head> <body> <input type="button" value="弹出1" /> <input type="button" value="弹出2" /> <script type="text/javascript"> window.onload = function(){ var Btn1 = document.getElementById('button1'); var Btn2 = document.getElementById('button2'); Btn1.setCapture(); Btn1.onclick = function(){ alert(1); } Btn2.onclick = function(){ alert(2); } } </script> </body> </html>

给Btn1设置了全局捕获之后,即使我们点击了Btn2还是会触发Btn1的点击事件

在模拟拖拽中,给要拖拽的方块onmousedown添加全局捕获然后再onmouseup中取消全局捕获

代码:

内容版权声明:除非注明,否则皆为本站原创文章。

转载注明出处:https://www.heiqu.com/wwfxxj.html