PAT 1002 A+B for Polynomials (25分)

This time, you are supposed to find A+B where A and B are two polynomials.

Input Specification:
Each input file contains one test case. Each case occupies 2 lines, and each line contains the information of a polynomial: K N​1​​ a​N​1​​ ​​ N​2​​ a​N​2​​ ​​ ... N​K​​ a​N​K​​ ​​
where K is the number of nonzero terms in the polynomial, N​i​​ and a​N​i​​ ​​ (i=1,2,⋯,K) are the exponents and coefficients, respectively. It is given that 1≤K≤10,0≤N
​K​​ <⋯<N​2​​ <N​1​​ ≤1000.

Output Specification:
For each test case you should output the sum of A and B in one line, with the same format as the input. Notice that there must be NO extra space at the end of each line. Please be accurate to 1 decimal place.

Sample Input:
2 1 2.4 0 3.2
2 2 1.5 1 0.5
Sample Output:
3 2 1.5 1 2.9 0 3.2

题目解读

给出两个多项式,每个输入格式是 非零项个数 指数1 系数1 指数2 系数2
让计算两多项式的和,并按照指定格式输出 非零项个数 指数1 系数1 指数2 系数2
要求顺序是指数从高到低

思路解析

可以用一个结构体来保存每一项的指数和系数,然后在第二次输入时根据去找到相应的那一项,对其系数进行修改。

这样做既浪费存储空间也浪费时间,但一般都能想到,更好的做法是,用一个数组来取代整个结构体,每一项的指数作为数组的索引,系数作为值,这样在读入时,直接找到对应位置进行修改,对数组的访问是很快的。

之后一次遍历,统计出数组不为0的个数,就是非零项的个数;然后对数组从后往前输出每个非零项对应的下标和值,就是结果。

代码 #include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { int a, b; cin >> a >> b; // 两数和转为字符串 string s = to_string(a + b); // 得到有效长度 int len = s.length(); for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) { // 输出当前位 cout << s[i]; if (s[i] == '-') continue; // 标准化格式 -xx,123,999 if ((i + 1) % 3 == len % 3 && i != len - 1) cout << ","; } return 0; }

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