系列目录
使用压缩包安装chart我们使用helm package打包的时候,默认会在当前位置生成一个tgz压缩包,然后helm把它复制到到$HOME/.helm/repository目录下,现在还没有讲解helm私服搭建,使用的是helm自带的一个本地服务器,有时候这个服务器不能正常工作,但是我们又想体验功能,这时候可以使用本地chart压缩包来安装
我在当前目录下有以下文件
[centos@k8s-master helm]$ ls get_helm.sh mychart mychart-0.1.0.tgz mychart-0.2.0.tgz [centos@k8s-master helm]$ helm install --name tylertest mychart-0.1.0.tgz NAME: tylertest LAST DEPLOYED: Thu Apr 25 09:37:32 2019 NAMESPACE: default STATUS: DEPLOYED RESOURCES: ==> v1/Deployment NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE tylertest-mychart 0/1 1 0 0s ==> v1/Pod(related) NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE tylertest-mychart-545479dd4b-wbdm4 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 0s ==> v1/Service NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE tylertest-mychart ClusterIP 10.107.107.190 <none> 80/TCP 0s NOTES: 1. Get the application URL by running these commands: export POD_NAME=$(kubectl get pods --namespace default -l "app.kubernetes.io/name=mychart,app.kubernetes.io/instance=tylertest" -o jsonpath="{.items[0].metadata.name}") echo "Visit :8080 to use your application" kubectl port-forward $POD_NAME 8080:80并且通过helm list可以看到它了
[centos@k8s-master helm]$ helm list NAME REVISION UPDATED STATUS CHART APP VERSION NAMESPACE kubernetes-dashboard 1 Thu Mar 14 09:06:25 2019 DEPLOYED kubernetes-dashboard-1.2.0 1.10.1 kube-system tylertest 1 Thu Apr 25 09:37:32 2019 DEPLOYED mychart-0.1.0 1.0 default当然也可以进入到$HOME/.helm/repository来安装它
安装的时候指定不同的环境我们在安装一个chart的时候,由于环境不同,配置可能也会有差别,我们知道,chart的配置都存在values.yaml文件里,我们可以编写多个存储配置的yaml文件,在安装的时候通过-f指定 不同环境的values文件
[centos@k8s-master helm]$ helm install --name=tylertest -f mychart/values.yaml mychart NAME: tylertest LAST DEPLOYED: Thu Apr 25 09:44:00 2019 NAMESPACE: default STATUS: DEPLOYED RESOURCES: ==> v1/Deployment NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE tylertest-mychart 0/1 0 0 0s ==> v1/Pod(related) NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE tylertest-mychart-545479dd4b-m5wj5 0/1 Pending 0 0s ==> v1/Service NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE tylertest-mychart ClusterIP 10.108.206.51 <none> 80/TCP 0s NOTES: 1. Get the application URL by running these commands: export POD_NAME=$(kubectl get pods --namespace default -l "app.kubernetes.io/name=mychart,app.kubernetes.io/instance=tylertest" -o jsonpath="{.items[0].metadata.name}") echo "Visit :8080 to use your application" kubectl port-forward $POD_NAME 8080:80注意,values.yaml是安装时缺省情况下使用的文件,我们可以可以把它复制若干(名字可以是任意名称,只需要在install的时候通过-f指定它的位置),根据不同环境进行修改.
这种方法同样也可以解决另外一个问题,那就是很多公共仓库的chart依赖gcr.io上的镜像导致国内无法安装成功,如果镜像地址做成了参数,则我们可以修改,如果没有做成参数,我们仍然有办法,那就是先通过helm fetch把它拉到本地,然后解压,然后修改其镜像文件重新打包,通过上面讲到过的使用本地压缩包安装的方式来安装.
让 Helm 连接到指定其它Kubernetes集群Helm 默认使用和 kubectl 命令相同的配置访问 Kubernetes 集群，其配置默认在 ~/.kube/config 中。
部署时指定名称空间我们前面的示例都默认是在的名称空间,实际生产环境中往往都不是按这种默认设置,而是安装在指定的名称空间中.如果想部署到指定的命令空间,执行helm install命令时 可以加上 --namespace 参数，比如：
helm install local/mychart --name tylertest --namespace mynamespace 查看某一部署应用的详细信息其它跟kubectl get类似,helm也有get命令,可以通过它来查看部署应用详细信息
[centos@k8s-master helm]$ helm get tylertest REVISION: 1 RELEASED: Thu Apr 25 09:44:00 2019 CHART: mychart-0.2.0 USER-SUPPLIED VALUES: affinity: {} fullnameOverride: "" image: pullPolicy: IfNotPresent repository: nginx tag: stable ingress: annotations: {} enabled: false hosts: - host: chart-example.local paths: [] tls: [] nameOverride: "" nodeSelector: {} replicaCount: 1 resources: {} service: port: 80 type: ClusterIP tolerations: [] COMPUTED VALUES: affinity: {} fullnameOverride: "" image: pullPolicy: IfNotPresent repository: nginx tag: stable ingress: annotations: {} enabled: false hosts: - host: chart-example.local paths: [] tls: [] nameOverride: "" nodeSelector: {} replicaCount: 1 resources: {} service: port: 80 type: ClusterIP tolerations: [] HOOKS: --- # tylertest-mychart-test-connection apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod metadata: name: "tylertest-mychart-test-connection" labels: app.kubernetes.io/name: mychart helm.sh/chart: mychart-0.2.0 app.kubernetes.io/instance: tylertest app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Tiller annotations: "helm.sh/hook": test-success spec: containers: - name: wget image: busybox command: ['wget'] args: ['tylertest-mychart:80'] restartPolicy: Never MANIFEST: --- # Source: mychart/templates/service.yaml apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: name: tylertest-mychart labels: app.kubernetes.io/name: mychart helm.sh/chart: mychart-0.2.0 app.kubernetes.io/instance: tylertest app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Tiller spec: type: ClusterIP ports: - port: 80 targetPort: http protocol: TCP name: http selector: app.kubernetes.io/name: mychart app.kubernetes.io/instance: tylertest --- # Source: mychart/templates/deployment.yaml apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: tylertest-mychart labels: app.kubernetes.io/name: mychart helm.sh/chart: mychart-0.2.0 app.kubernetes.io/instance: tylertest app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Tiller spec: replicas: 1 selector: matchLabels: app.kubernetes.io/name: mychart app.kubernetes.io/instance: tylertest template: metadata: labels: app.kubernetes.io/name: mychart app.kubernetes.io/instance: tylertest spec: containers: - name: mychart image: "nginx:stable" imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent ports: - name: http containerPort: 80 protocol: TCP livenessProbe: httpGet: path: / port: http readinessProbe: httpGet: path: / port: http resources: {}默认情况下会显示最新的版本的相关信息，如果想要查看指定发布版本的信息可加上 --revision 参数。
$ helm get --revision 1 tylertest chart中定义依赖