需求：一篇文章，出现了哪些词？哪些词出现得最多？
英文文本词频统计
英文文本：Hamlet 分析词频
统计英文词频分为两步：
文本去噪及归一化
使用字典表达词频
代码：
#CalHamletV1.py
def getText():
txt = open("hamlet.txt", "r").read()
txt = txt.lower()
for ch in \'!"#$%&()*+,-./:;<=>?@[\\]^_‘{|}~\':
txt = txt.replace(ch, " ") #将文本中特殊字符替换为空格
return txt
hamletTxt = getText()
words = hamletTxt.split()
counts = {}
for word in words:
counts[word] = counts.get(word,0) + 1
items = list(counts.items())
items.sort(key=lambda x:x[1], reverse=True)
for i in range(10):
word, count = items[i]
print ("{0:<10}{1:>5}".format(word, count))
运行结果：
the
1138
and
965
to
754
of
669
you
550
i
542
a
542
my
514
hamlet
462
in
436
中文文本词频统计
中文文本：《三国演义》分析人物
统计中文词频分为两步：
中文文本分词
使用字典表达词频
#CalThreeKingdomsV1.py
import jieba
txt = open("threekingdoms.txt", "r", encoding=\'utf-8\').read()
words = jieba.lcut(txt)
counts = {}
for word in words:
if len(word) == 1:
continue
else:
counts[word] = counts.get(word,0) + 1
items = list(counts.items())
items.sort(key=lambda x:x[1], reverse=True)
for i in range(15):
word, count = items[i]
print ("{0:<10}{1:>5}".format(word, count))
运行结果：
曹操
953
孔明 836
将军 772
却说 656
玄德 585
关公 510
丞相 491
二人 469
不可 440
荆州 425
玄德曰
390
孔明曰
390
不能 384
如此 378
张飞 358
能很明显的看到有一些不相关或重复的信息
优化版本
统计中文词频分为三步：
中文文本分词
使用字典表达词频
扩展程序解决问题
我们将不相关或重复的信息放在 excludes 集合里面进行排除。
#CalThreeKingdomsV2.py
import jieba
excludes = {"将军","却说","荆州","二人","不可","不能","如此"}
txt = open("threekingdoms.txt", "r", encoding=\'utf-8\').read()
words = jieba.lcut(txt)
counts = {}
for word in words:
if len(word) == 1:
continue
elif word == "诸葛亮" or word == "孔明曰":
rword = "孔明"
elif word == "关公" or word == "云长":
rword = "关羽"
elif word == "玄德" or word == "玄德曰":
rword = "刘备"
elif word == "孟德" or word == "丞相":
rword = "曹操"
else:
rword = word
counts[rword] = counts.get(rword,0) + 1
for word in excludes:
del counts[word]
items = list(counts.items())
items.sort(key=lambda x:x[1], reverse=True)
for i in range(10):
word, count = items[i]
print ("{0:<10}{1:>5}".format(word, count))
考研英语词频统计
将词频统计应用到考研英语中，我们可以统计出出现次数较多的关键单词。
文本链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1Q6uVy-wWBpQ0VHvNI_DQxA 密码: fw3r
# CalHamletV1.py
def getText():
txt = open("86_17_1_2.txt", "r").read()
txt = txt.lower()
for ch in \'!"#$%&()*+,-./:;<=>?@[\\]^_‘{|}~\':
txt = txt.replace(ch, " ") #将文本中特殊字符替换为空格
return txt
pyTxt = getText() #获得没有任何标点的txt文件
words = pyTxt.split() #获得单词
counts = {} #字典，键值对
excludes = {"the", "a", "of", "to", "and", "in", "b", "c", "d", "is",\
"was", "are", "have", "were", "had", "that", "for", "it",\
"on", "be", "as", "with", "by", "not", "their", "they",\
"from", "more", "but", "or", "you", "at", "has", "we", "an",\
"this", "can", "which", "will", "your", "one", "he", "his", "all", "people", "should", "than", "points", "there", "i", "what", "about", "new", "if", "”",\
"its", "been", "part", "so", "who", "would", "answer", "some", "our", "may", "most", "do", "when", "1", "text", "section", "2", "many", "time", "into", \
"10", "no", "other", "up", "following", "【答案】", "only", "out", "each", "much", "them", "such", "world", "these", "sheet", "life", "how", "because", "3", "even", \
"work", "directions", "use", "could", "now", "first", "make", "years", "way", "20", "those", "over", "also", "best", "two", "well", "15", "us", "write", "4", "5", "being", "social", "read", "like", "according", "just", "take", "paragraph", "any", "english", "good", "after", "own", "year", "must", "american", "less", "her", "between", "then", "children", "before", "very", "human", "long", "while", "often", "my", "too", \
"40", "four", "research", "author", "questions", "still", "last", "business", "education", "need", "information", "public", "says", "passage", "reading", "through", "women", "she", "health", "example", "help", "get", "different", "him", "mark", "might", "off", "job", "30", "writing", "choose", "words", "economic", "become", "science", "society", "without", "made", "high", "students", "few", "better", "since", "6", "rather", "however", "great", "where", "culture", "come", \
"both", "three", "same", "government", "old", "find", "number", "means", "study", "put", "8", "change", "does", "today", "think", "future", "school", "yet", "man", "things", "far", "line", "7", "13", "50", "used", "states", "down", "12", "14", "16", "end", "11", "making", "9", "another", "young", "system", "important", "letter", "17", "chinese", "every", "see", "s", "test", "word", "century", "language", "little", \
"give", "said", "25", "state", "problems", "sentence", "food", "translation", "given", "child", "18", "longer", "question", "back", "don’t", "19", "against", "always", "answers", "know", "having", "among", "instead", "comprehension", "large", "35", "want", "likely", "keep", "family", "go", "why", "41", "home", "law", "place", "look", "day", "men", "22", "26", "45", "it’s", "others", "companies", "countries", "once", "money", "24", "though", \
"27", "29", "31", "say", "national", "ii", "23", "based", "found", "28", "32", "past", "living", "university", "scientific", "–", "36", "38", "working", "around", "data", "right", "21", "jobs", "33", "34", "possible", "feel", "process", "effect", "growth", "probably", "seems", "fact", "below", "37", "39", "history", "technology", "never", "sentences", "47", "true", "scientists", "power", "thought", "during", "48", "early", "parents", \
"something", "market", "times", "46", "certain", "whether", "000", "did", "enough", "problem", "least", "federal", "age", "idea", "learn", "common", "political", "pay", "view", "going", "attention", "happiness", "moral", "show", "live", "until", "52", "49", "ago", "percent", "stress", "43", "44", "42", "meaning", "51", "e", "iii", "u", "60", "anything", "53", "55", "cultural", "nothing", "short", "100", "water", "car", "56", "58", "【解析】", "54", "59", "57", "v", "。","63", "64", "65", "61", "62", "66", "70", "75", "f", "【考点分析】", "67", "here", "68", "71", "72", "69", "73", "74", "选项a", "ourselves", "teachers", "helps", "参考范文", "gdp", "yourself", "gone", "150"}
for word in words:
if word not in excludes:
counts[word] = counts.get(word,0) + 1
items = list(counts.items())
items.sort(key=lambda x:x[1], reverse=True)
for i in range(10):
word, count = items[i]
print ("{0:<10}{1:>5}".format(word, count))
x = len(counts)
print(x)
r = 0
next = eval(input("1继续"))
while next == 1:
r += 100
for i in range(r, r+100):
word, count = items[i]
print ("\"{}\"".format(word), end = ", ")
next = eval(input("1继续"))
