本文档的目的是，指导使用者安装、配置、还原所需要用到的mysql数据库。仅提供linux版本服务器的安装说明，且linux版本为64位的Centos6.4。同时，会提供的mysql安装包（MySQL-5.6.15-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar）和还原数据库所需用到的sql脚本。
mysql安装提供的tar包，解压到/opt/mysql（实际使用可变换目录）目录下。解压后，会出现如下几个rpm包，我们只用到其中红色字体的两个rpm包。
[root@localhost mysql]# tar -xvf MySQL-5.6.15-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
MySQL-devel-5.6.15-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-embedded-5.6.15-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-test-5.6.15-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-server-5.6.15-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-shared-5.6.15-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-client-5.6.15-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-shared-compat-5.6.15-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
安装步骤，如下说明：
一、检查环境，删除已有的旧版本
l 检查mysql，如已存在则需要删除。执行脚本如下
rpm -qa mysql
rpm -qa mysql-5.1.66-2.el6_3.x86_64
rpm -e mysql --nodeps;
l 检查mysql-server，如已存在则需要删除。执行脚本如下
rpm -qa mysql-server
mysql-server-5.1.66-2.el6_3.x86_64
rpm -e mysql-server --nodeps;
l 检查mysql- client，如已存在则需要删除。执行脚本如下
rpm -qa mysql-client
测试中发现没有安装，不用删除
l 检查mysql- libs，如已存在则需要删除。执行脚本如下
rpm -qa mysql-libs
mysql-libs-5.1.66-2.el6_3.x86_64
rpm -e mysql-libs --nodeps;
二、安装mysql服务器
安装mysql成功后，会为root随机生成一个密码，密码保存在\'/root/.mysql_secret\'文件内。
[root@localhost mysql]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.15-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:MySQL-server ########################################### [100%]
2016-05-12 15:37:48 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2016-05-12 15:37:48 22636 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
2016-05-12 15:37:48 22636 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
2016-05-12 15:37:48 22636 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
2016-05-12 15:37:48 22636 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
2016-05-12 15:37:48 22636 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions
2016-05-12 15:37:48 22636 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
2016-05-12 15:37:48 22636 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
2016-05-12 15:37:48 22636 [Note] InnoDB: The first specified data file ./ibdata1 did not exist: a new database to be created!
2016-05-12 15:37:48 22636 [Note] InnoDB: Setting file ./ibdata1 size to 12 MB
2016-05-12 15:37:48 22636 [Note] InnoDB: Database physically writes the file full: wait...
2016-05-12 15:37:48 22636 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile101 size to 48 MB
2016-05-12 15:37:49 22636 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile1 size to 48 MB
2016-05-12 15:37:50 22636 [Note] InnoDB: Renaming log file ./ib_logfile101 to ./ib_logfile0
2016-05-12 15:37:50 22636 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45781
2016-05-12 15:37:50 22636 [Note] InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer not found: creating new
2016-05-12 15:37:50 22636 [Note] InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer created
2016-05-12 15:37:50 22636 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active.
2016-05-12 15:37:50 22636 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2016-05-12 15:37:50 22636 [Note] InnoDB: Foreign key constraint system tables created
2016-05-12 15:37:50 22636 [Note] InnoDB: Creating tablespace and datafile system tables.
2016-05-12 15:37:50 22636 [Note] InnoDB: Tablespace and datafile system tables created.
2016-05-12 15:37:50 22636 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start
2016-05-12 15:37:50 22636 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.15 started; log sequence number 0
A random root password has been set. You will find it in \'/root/.mysql_secret\'.
2016-05-12 15:37:57 22636 [Note] Binlog end
2016-05-12 15:37:57 22636 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting.
2016-05-12 15:37:57 22636 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
2016-05-12 15:37:58 22636 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625977
2016-05-12 15:37:58 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2016-05-12 15:37:58 22659 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
2016-05-12 15:37:58 22659 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
2016-05-12 15:37:58 22659 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
2016-05-12 15:37:58 22659 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
2016-05-12 15:37:58 22659 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions
2016-05-12 15:37:58 22659 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
2016-05-12 15:37:58 22659 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
2016-05-12 15:37:58 22659 [Note] InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda.
2016-05-12 15:37:58 22659 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active.
2016-05-12 15:37:59 22659 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start
2016-05-12 15:37:59 22659 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.15 started; log sequence number 1625977
2016-05-12 15:37:59 22659 [Note] Binlog end
2016-05-12 15:37:59 22659 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting.
2016-05-12 15:37:59 22659 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
2016-05-12 15:38:01 22659 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625987
A RANDOM PASSWORD HAS BEEN SET FOR THE MySQL root USER !
You will find that password in \'/root/.mysql_secret\'.
You must change that password on your first connect,
no other statement but \'SET PASSWORD\' will be accepted.
See the manual for the semantics of the \'password expired\' flag.
Also, the account for the anonymous user has been removed.
In addition, you can run:
/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation
which will also give you the option of removing the test database.
This is strongly recommended for production servers.
See the manual for more instructions.
Please report any problems with the /usr/bin/mysqlbug script!
The latest information about MySQL is available on the web at
Support MySQL by buying support/licenses at
New default config file was created as /usr/my.cnf and
will be used by default by the server when you start it.
You may edit this file to change server settings
[root@localhost mysql]#
三、安装mysql客户端
[root@localhost mysql]# rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.15-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:MySQL-client ########################################### [100%]
四、启动mysqld服务
查找mysql.server
[root@localhost /]# find / -name mysql.server
/usr/share/mysql/mysql.server
拷贝mysql.server到/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
[root@terminal opt]# cp /usr/share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
添加mysqld执行权限
[root@terminal opt]#chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
添加mysqld到系统服务
[root@terminal opt]#chkconfig --add mysqld
检查mysqld是否生效
[root@terminal opt]# chkconfig --list mysqld