php实现自动生成验证码的实例讲解

现在验证码在表单中的应用越来越多了,但是如果用js来实现总觉得不太方便,因此使用php来实现下,在此记录下。

当然,我们也可以封装成一个函数,以后使用的时候也是很方便的,这里并未封装,感兴趣的小伙伴可以自己封装下。

具体实现代码:

新建一个cap_sz.php文件:

<?php session_start(); //设置session,一定要在顶部 $width = 150; //设置图片宽为300像素 $height = 40; //设置图片高为40像素 $image = imagecreatetruecolor($width, $height); //设置验证码大小的函数 $bgcolor = imagecolorallocate($image, 255, 255, 255); //验证码颜色RGB为(255,255,255)#ffffff imagefill($image, 0, 0, $bgcolor); //区域填充 $cap_code = ""; for($i=0;$i<4;$i++){ $fontsize = 7; //设置字体大小 $fontcolor = imagecolorallocate($image, rand(0,120), rand(0,120), rand(0,120)); //数字越大,颜色越浅,这里是深颜色0-120 $fontcontent = rand(0,9); $cap_code.=$fontcontent; //.=连续定义变量 $x = ($i*150/4)+rand(5,10); $y = rand(5,10); //设置坐标 imagestring($image, $fontsize, $x, $y, $fontcontent, $fontcolor); } $_SESSION['code'] = $cap_code; //存到session //设置干扰元素,设置雪花点 for($i=0;$i<300;$i++){ $inputcolor = imagecolorallocate($image, rand(50,200), rand(20,200), rand(50,200)); //设置颜色,20-200颜色比数字浅,不干扰阅读 imagesetpixel($image, rand(1,149), rand(1,39), $inputcolor); //画一个单一像素的元素 } //增加干扰元素,设置横线(先设置线的颜色,在设置横线) for ($i=0;$i<4;$i++) { $linecolor = imagecolorallocate($image, rand(20,220), rand(20,220),rand(20,220)); //设置线的颜色 imageline($image, rand(1,149), rand(1,39), rand(1,299), rand(1,149), $linecolor); } //因为有些浏览器,访问的content-type会是文本型(乱码),所以我们需要设置成图片的格式类型 header('Content-Type:image/png'); imagepng($image); //建立png函数 imagedestroy($image); //结束图形函数,消除$image

实例扩展:

<?php $iC = new idCode(5,60,30); $iC->createPNG(); class idCode{ private $words = array('a','b', 'c','d','e','f','g','h','i','j','k','l', 'm','n','o','p','q','r','s','t','u','v', 'w','x','y','z','A','B','C','D','E','F', 'G','H','I','J','K','L','M','N','O','P', 'Q','R','S','T','U','V','W','X','Y','Z', '0','1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9'); private $fonts; private $count;//验证码字符数 private $height; private $width; private $path = '..\myfolder\fonts'; private $keys; //构造函数 public function __construct($count,$width,$height){ $this->count = $count; $this->getFonts(); $this->height = $height; $this->width = $width; } private function getFonts(){ $dir = dir($this->path); while(false !== ($file = $dir->read())){ if($file != '.' && $file != '..'){ $this->fonts[count($this->fonts)] = basename($file); } } $dir->close(); } private function createKeys(){ for($i = 0;$i < $this->count;$i++){ $this->keys[$i]['char'] = $this->words[rand(0,count($this->words)-1)]; //使用字体路径标识 $this->keys[$i]['filename'] = $this->path.'\\'.$this->fonts[rand(0,count($this->fonts)-1)]; } } public function createPNG(){ $this->createKeys(); //创建画布以及颜色块儿 $bg = imagecreatetruecolor($this->width + 10*2,$this->height + 3*2);//两边留10px空白,上下3px $grey = imagecolorallocate($bg,155,155,155); $blue = imagecolorallocate($bg,0x00,0x00,0xff); //填充背景 imagefill($bg,0,0,$grey); //添加字符 $pwidth = $this->width/$this->count; $x;$y; for($i = 0;$i < $this->count;$i++){ $rotation = rand(-40,40);//偏转角度±40° $fontsize = 33; $width_txt; $height_txt; do{ $fontsize--; $bbox = imagettfbbox($fontsize,$rotation,$this->keys[$i]['filename'],$this->keys[$i]['char']); $width_txt = $bbox[2] - $bbox[0];//x 0 2 4 6,y1 3 5 7;左下,右下,右上,左上 $height_txt = $bbox[7] - $bbox[1]; }while($fontsize > 8 && ($height_txt > $this->height || $width_txt > $pwidth)); $fontcolor = imagecolorallocate($bg,rand(0,255),rand(0,255),rand(0,255)); $x = 8 + $pwidth*$i + $pwidth/2 - $width_txt/2;//x坐标基本位置 $y = $this->height/2 - $height_txt/2; imagettftext($bg,$fontsize,$rotation,$x,$y,$fontcolor,$this->keys[$i]['filename'],$this->keys[$i]['char']); } //绘制干扰线 //根据字体酌情增加干扰线 imageline($bg,0,15,40,10,$blue); //图像输出头文件 header('Content-type:image/png'); //输出png图像 imagepng($bg); //清除缓存资源 imagedestroy($bg); } public function checkKeys($input){ if(count($input)!=$this->count){ return 'ERROR:长度不正确.'; }else{ for($i=0;$i < $this->count;$i++){ //0 o O I l 1 校准,根据所选择的字体确定是否需要手动校准 if($input[$i] != $this->keys[$i]['char']){ return 'SUCCESS.'; }else{ return 'ERROR:请输入正确验证码.'; } } } } } ?>

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